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Re: matrix multiplication with zero dimensions
Posted:
Jan 7, 2013 10:20 AM
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"Matt J " <mattjacREMOVE@THISieee.spam> wrote in message
news:kcd527$hou$1@newscl01ah.mathworks.com...
> "Bruno Luong" <b.luong@fogale.findmycountry> wrote in message
> <kcd1lg$6u4$1@newscl01ah.mathworks.com>...
>> "Matt J" wrote in message <kcd0g0$34t$1@newscl01ah.mathworks.com>...
>>
>>
>> Just like sum([]), prod([]), this result is no exception so to be
>> documented separately.
> ==============
>
> I can see the rational behind sum([])=0and prod([])=1. It's so that
>
> sum([A,[]],2)=sum(A,2)+sum([])
> prod([A,[]],2)=prod(A,2)*prod([])
Why does SUM of an empty vector return 0 and PROD of an empty vector return
1? Convention.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_sum
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_product
Now [] is a 0-by-0 empty matrix not an empty vector and so technically
sum([]) should return a 1-by-0 empty instead of 0, but for that explanation
I'm pretty sure you'd have to ask Cleve.
> I do not see the rationale behind the originally posted relationship,
> though. Taking a slightly different example, I can see perhaps that
>
> ones(3,0)*ones(0,3)
>
> should end up being 3x3 because of the outer dimensions, but why should it
> end up containing zeros.
The definition for matrix multiplication plus the MATLAB rule for SUM is why
the result is all zeros.
If C = A*B, then:
1) size(A, 2) must equal size(B, 1)
2) C will be a matrix of size [size(A, 1), size(B, 2)]
3) C(r, c) is the sum of A(r, :) .* (B(:, c).'). This is the definition of
matrix multiplication (slightly tweaked to use MATLAB notation and abide by
the rules about compatible sizes for the .* operator.)
In this case size(A) is [3 0] and size(B) is [0 3] and condition 1 is
satisfied. The resulting C is of size [3 3] and if we compute C(1, 1) we
have:
>> A = zeros(3, 0);
>> B = zeros(0, 3);
>> % C(1, 1) = A(1, :) .* (B(:, 1).')
>> A(1, :).*(B(:, 1).')
ans =
Empty matrix: 1-by-0
Since this is an empty vector, its SUM is zero.
>> sum(ans)
ans =
0
This generalizes to the rest of the elements of C.
--
Steve Lord
slord@mathworks.com
To contact Technical Support use the Contact Us link on
http://www.mathworks.com
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