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Logical Reasoning
Problems that require students to think in a logical and organized fashion in order to reach a conclusion.

Related Resources
The closest match in our Ask Dr. Math archives:
   Elementary Puzzles
NCTM Standards:
   Reasoning and Proof Standard for Grades 3-5

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Campfire Camaraderie - Jessica Philips from Western Oregon University
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 1. How did the animals place themselves around the campfire? ... more>>

Elevator Weigh-in - Kristina Lasher
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Would Melissa's family and neigbors exceed the maximum weight allowance of their apartment building elevator? If not, how many more would fit? ... more>>

The Farmer in the Dilemma - Claire Mead
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Help Farmer Mead spend exactly $100 buying exactly 100 sheep, cows and horses. ... more>>

Four Playful Mathematicians - inspired by Maria Fung's class at Western Oregon
teacher support Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Follow the clues to help the four playful mathematicians return the lost watch. ... more>>

Funny Money - Lisa Lavelle (adapted)
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Determine the amount of money Divya has in her bank. ... more>>

Grampa Joe's Great Grandpets - Kristina Lasher
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 1. Grampa Joe is taking gifts to his grandchildren for their new pets. Can you help him figure out which great grandpet belongs to each grandchild? ... more>>

Hot Dog Day! - Jeffrey Mo
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Determine how many large hot dogs have been ordered for this special day. ... more>>

How Old is Dad? - Claire Mead
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Use the clues to find out how old Dad is. ... more>>

In Their Prime - Claire Mead
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Use the clues about multiples and primes to figure out how old Jonathan and Hazel are. ... more>>

Let the Chips Fall . . . - Claire Mead
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Use clues about sums to determine which digits are on the reverse sides of three given chips. ... more>>

Magic Square Jumble - Lisa Lavelle
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Help straighten out this magic square. ... more>>

Marble Mayhem - Claire Mead
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. What quantity of marbles can get divided equally among four, five and then six players, and yet always have one marble left over? ... more>>

March Madness! - Teaching the Young Learner Class
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Given four clues, figure out which pair of friends won a basketball game. ... more>>

More Balloons - Lisa Lavelle
active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 5. Here's a more difficult problem based on our balloon color preferences. ... more>>

Multiplication Mystery - Ya. I. Perelman (translated from Russian by Valentina Sokolskaya)
active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Decipher this cryptic multiplication problem to uncover the final product. ... more>>

Nuts in a Bowl - Claire Mead
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Determine how many nuts are in five bowls using the given clues. ... more>>

Price Tag Repair - Teaching the Young Learner Group
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Can you use the clues to help Cathy repair the price tags for the family yard sale? ... more>>

School, Who Has Time? - Lisa Lavelle (old remembered puzzle)
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Given all the time we spend doing other things, how do we have time for school? ... more>>

A Simple Reversal - Judy Ann Brown
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 1. The product of 3 and 24 is 72. The sum of 3 and 24 is 27, which is the reverse of 72. Can you find other pairs of numbers such that their product is the reverse of their sum? ... more>>

Sports Weigh In - Claire Mead
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Use three scale readings to find the weight of the soccer ball, the tennis ball, and the baseball. ... more>>

Summer Shoe Leftovers - Teaching the Young Learner Group
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 4. Determine which of the leftover shoes might satisfy three shoppers' needs. ... more>>

Sundaes - Claire Mead
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. How many children had no topping on their ice cream? ... more>>

Team Tag - Corinne MacPherson (adapted from Faces of Mathematics by A. Wayne Roberts)
teacher support active problem Elementary, difficulty level 3. In the game of Team Tag, each kid (excluding Allison) earned a different number of points. How many points did Allison's teammate Jenny earn? ... more>>

What Day Is It Today? - Roya Salehi
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Sophie tells the truth only on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday. Her sister tells the truth only on Monday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday. If they both confess to their mom that "Yesterday I lied," what day is it today? ... more>>

Zelma's ZIP Code - Claire Mead
teacher support active problem Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Find Zelma's Zip Code by ordering pairs of digits that are products of one-digit numbers. ... more>>

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