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 number theory
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Math Fundamentals
Problems
Math Fundamentals
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Number Theory
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These problems delve into prime and composite numbers, factors, multiples, and other properties of numbers.
Some of these problems are also in the following subcategories:
- Related Resources
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Interactive resources from our Math Tools project:
Math 4: Number Theory
The closest match in our Ask Dr. Math archives:
Elementary Number Sense/About Numbers
NCTM Standards:
Number and Operations Standard for Grades 3-5
Access to these problems requires a Membership.
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Anderson's Pumpkin Patch
- Teaching the Young Learner Group and Lisa Lavelle
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. How many students are there in Ms. Juncos's fourth grade class?
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Assembly Seating
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. What is Ben's plan for arranging chairs for the school assembly?
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Basketball Bargain
- Chad Tollefson from Western Oregon University
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 1. Can Luis use the teacher's clues to figure out how many balls are in the closet? Can you?
... more>>
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Birthday Probability
- Kristina Lasher & Lisa Lavelle
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. What is the likelihood that someone is born on an even or odd day of
the month? Are you more likely to be born on a prime number day or a
multiple of 3?
... more>>
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Building Bouquets
- Amanda Knott and the Western Oregon University Mentors
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Help Jana determine how to divide her extra flowers for the flower shop special.
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The Chocolate Allergy Revelation
- Antiquity (Steve Earth)
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 5. Use meta-reasoning to deduce the ages of three people based on a product, a sum, and a seemingly irrelevant third piece of information.
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Cicada Circus
- Kristina Lasher and special thanks to John Cooley
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Use the table of information about periodical cicadas to figure out when
the next time is that there will be three years in a row without an
emergence.
... more>>
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Crack the Code
- Christi Sather and Kristina Lasher
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Help Christi use the clues to figure out which code will unlock the vault.
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Darlene's Dart Board
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. How many darts does it take to win on Darlene's dart board?
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Dragons and Tigers and Hares, Oh My!
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Use clues about the Chinese calendar to determine when Lin's great-grandfather was born
and how old he is.
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Five Digits of Fun
- Lisa Lavelle
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 4. Find a five-digit number based on these clues.
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Football Fanfare
- Suzanne Alejandre and Kristina Lasher
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 1. The students in the pep club are designing a "card stunt" for the halftime show for the next football game. What are the possible seating arrangements they can use?
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Four Playful Mathematicians
- inspired by Maria Fung's class at Western Oregon
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Follow the clues to help the four playful mathematicians return the lost watch.
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Holiday Ornaments
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. How many holiday ornaments did each girl's mother make?
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How Old is Mia?
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Use Mia's clues to find how old she is.
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I Like to Palindrive!
- Kristina Lasher
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. How many palindromic numbers will appear on Kristina's odometer in October, 2003?
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In Their Prime
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Use the clues about multiples and primes to figure out how old
Jonathan and Hazel are.
... more>>
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A Jar of Coins
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Use fraction clues to discover how many pennies, nickels, dimes and quarters I have in my
jar.
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Jason's Piggy Bank
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. How many nickels did Jason find in his piggy bank?
... more>>
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Jellybean Fractions
- Lisa Lavelle
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Elementary, difficulty level 2. Determine good and bad choices in playing the Jellybean Fractions Game.
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Jellybean Rectangles
- Lisa Lavelle
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Have fun figuring out strategy in the Jellybean Rectangle game.
... more>>
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Just the Facts *
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. It's not a good idea to guess in this game! Find out how many
multiplication facts Zach got
right.
... more>>
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Marble Mayhem
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Fred and his friends divide the marbles in several different ways, but
there is always one left
over.
... more>>
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Monmouth Mountain Bikes
- Kristina Lasher
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 1. How many mountain bikes will have the highest level of safety testing?
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Moons, by Jove!
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Find out how long it will take these 3 moons to return to a position
of alignment with their
planet.
... more>>
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Mr. Lincoln's Line *
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Find out who's wearing glasses and carrying lunch boxes in Mr.
Lincoln's lunch line.
... more>>
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Nova Scotia Quilt
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Use the area of a rectangular bed quilt to determine its dimensions.
... more>>
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Odd (and Even) Dates
- Lisa Lavelle
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 1. Can you figure out these curious dates?
... more>>
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Odds vs. Evens
- Kristina Lasher
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Can Jerome and Kiya use what they know about probability to make their games fair?
... more>>
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Peanut Butter and Jelly
- Lisa Lavelle
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. How many sandwiches can we make before using up a package of bread and jars of jelly and peanut butter at the same time?
... more>>
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Pondering Palindromes
- Mary DeYoung & class
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 1. Explore 4-digit palindromes and find something else they have in common.
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Puzzling Puzzle Pieces
- Lisa Lavelle
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Explore the ways 108 puzzle pieces can be arranged.
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Rabbit's Run
- Lisa Lavelle
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 1. Help Regina develop options for building her rabbit's run.
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Set a Date
- Lisa Lavelle (with help from Judy Ann Brown)
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 3. Explore an interesting detail about a given date, and find six more dates with the same quality.
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Sharing Birthdays
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. How old will Alana be when her mother is three times Alana's age?
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She Counts Seashells *
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. How many shells does Marcia have in her collection?
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Shopping at the School Store
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. How much does a pencil cost at the school store? How much does an eraser cost?
... more>>
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Summer Shoe Leftovers
- Teaching the Young Learner Group
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 4. Determine which of the leftover shoes might satisfy three shoppers' needs.
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Tangrams
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Discover some of the relationships among the pieces in a set of Tangrams.
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Toys To Go
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. Help Sam determine the sale price of scooters at the toy store.
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Wheels R Us
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. How many bicycles does Danielle have in her cycle shop?
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Wooden Legs
- Claire Mead
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Math Fundamentals, difficulty level 2. How many different ways can Wendy use 31 legs to build wooden
dollhouse furniture?
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