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Re: how does Rotate in 2D work?
Posted:
Aug 14, 2012 5:04 AM
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The answer to the question "How can I use the Rotate command so that the
_origin_ of the arrow or the Line I want to rotate is where the rotation
occur around?" is given by the following replacement function:
altRotate[g_, \[Theta]_, {x_, y_}] :=
Rotate[g, \[Theta], ({x, y} - RotationTransform[-\[Theta]][{x, y}])/(
2 - 2 Cos[\[Theta]])] /; Mod[\[Theta], \[Pi]] != 0
Here it is using the example given:
Graphics[{altRotate[Arrow[{{0, 0}, {1, 0}}], 90 Degree, {1, 0}]},
Axes -> True]
To understand why this is the correct answer, note that
Rotate[g_, \[Theta]_, {x_, y_}] gives the same transformation as
GeometricTransformation[g, RotationTransform[\[Theta], {x, y}]]
as shown by the following two examples:
Manipulate[
Graphics[{{Dashed, Circle[pt, Norm[pt]]},
Table[Rotate[{Hue[\[Theta]/2/\[Pi]], Arrow[{{0, 0}, {1, 0}}],
Line[{{-2, -2}, {-2, 2}, {2, 2}, {2, -2}, {-2, -2}}]}, \[Theta] ,
pt], {\[Theta], 0, 2 \[Pi], \[Pi]/3}]}, Axes -> True,
PlotRange -> {{-8, 8}, {-8, 8}}], {{pt, {-2, 2}}, Locator}]
Manipulate[
Graphics[{{Dashed, Circle[pt, Norm[pt]]},
Table[GeometricTransformation[{Hue[\[Theta]/2/\[Pi]],
Arrow[{{0, 0}, {1, 0}}],
Line[{{-2, -2}, {-2, 2}, {2, 2}, {2, -2}, {-2, -2}}]},
RotationTransform[\[Theta], pt]], {\[Theta], 0, 2 \[Pi], \[Pi]/3}]},
Axes -> True, PlotRange -> {{-8, 8}, {-8, 8}}], {{pt, {-2, 2}}, Locator}]
Then further note that:
RotationTransform[\[Theta], {x, y}] ==
Composition[TranslationTransform[{x, y}],
RotationTransform[\[Theta] ],
TranslationTransform[-{x, y}]] ==
Composition[TranslationTransform[{x, y}],
TranslationTransform[RotationTransform[\[Theta] ][-{x, y}]],
RotationTransform[\[Theta] ]] ==
Composition[TranslationTransform[{x, y} -
RotationTransform[\[Theta] ][{x, y}]],
RotationTransform[\[Theta] ]]
Since the desired transformation is equivalent to
Composition[TranslationTransform[{u, v}], RotationTransform[\[Theta] ] ]
then it is clear that we must solve for {x, y} in terms of {u, v}:
In[174]:= Simplify[{x, y} /. Solve[{x, y} -
RotationTransform[\[Theta] ][{x, y}] == {u, v}, {x, y}]][[1]]
Out[174]= {1/2 (u - v Cot[\[Theta]/2]), 1/2 (v + u Cot[\[Theta]/2])}
Which is the same result as given by:
In[176]:= FullSimplify[({u, v} - RotationTransform[-\[Theta]][{u, v}])/
(2 - 2 Cos[\[Theta]])]
Out[176]= {1/2 (u - v Cot[\[Theta]/2]), 1/2 (v + u Cot[\[Theta]/2])}
Note also that:
Composition[TranslationTransform[{x, y}], RotationTransform[\[Theta]]] ==
AffineTransform[{RotationMatrix[\[Theta] ], {x, y}}]
So we could also create another very simple function to replace Rotate:
tRotate[g_, \[Theta]_, {x_, y_}] :=
GeometricTransformation[g,
AffineTransform[{RotationMatrix[\[Theta] ], {x, y}}]]
And use it like so:
Graphics[{tRotate[Arrow[{{0, 0}, {1, 0}}], 90 Degree, {1, 0}]}, Axes ->
True]
Hope this helps...
"Nasser M. Abbasi" <nma@12000.org> wrote in message
news:jvt3om$luo$1@smc.vnet.net...
>
> Suppose I have an arrow Arrow[{{0,0},{0,1}}] and I want
> to rotate it 90 degrees, but taking the origin of the arrow
> to be the point {0.5,0} when doing the rotation, instead of
> the point {0,0} as it is above.
>
> i.e. given
>
> |
> |
> +----->
> (0,0) (1,0)
>
> Now if I do Rotate on the above, by 90 degrees, with {0,0} as
> origin, it gives, using the command
>
> Graphics[{
> Rotate[Arrow[{{0, 0}, {1, 0}}], 90 Degree, {0, 0}]
> }, Axes -> True]
>
>
> (0,1) ^
> |
> |
> +---
> (0,0)
>
>
> So far so good. Now, I want to obtain this
>
> ^
> |
> | |
> +------+
> (0,0) (1,0)
>
> i.e. I want the rotation to be around (1,0), and not (0,0).
> I thought I can do it using the same command above, by just
> changing {0,0} to {1,0} like this
>
> Graphics[{
> Rotate[Arrow[{{0, 0}, {1, 0}}], 90 Degree, {1, 0}]
> }, Axes -> True]
>
> But the above gave
>
> | (1,0)
> +------+--
> (0,0) ^
> |
> |
>
> It is more strange when asking for rotation around say (.5,0),
>
> Graphics[{
> Rotate[Arrow[{{0, 0}, {1, 0}}], 90 Degree, {.5, 0}]
> }, Axes -> True]
>
> Now it gives
> ^
> | |
> +-----|------
> (0,0) |(0.5,0)
> |
> |
>
> So, I think this has to do what that 'bounding box' that help talks about,
> but ofcourse help does not say how to change this or anything, and no
> examples.
>
> question is:
> How can I use the Rotate command so that the _origin_ of the arrow
> or the Line I want to rotate is where the rotation occur around? i.e
> I want the arrow to be based from that rotation point before the
> rotation start.
>
> (I know there other ways to do this, using RotationMatrix and such,
> but I wanted to find how to do it using Rotate). I think the
> problem is with the Bounding Box thing, which I do not
> understand now how to change in this case.
>
> ps. Please WRI, improve your help pages more. Add more 'words' and
> do not be so brief and cryptic in the description and add more
> examples and add links to things you mention.
>
> thanks.
> --Nasser
>
>
>
>
>
>
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